SANKCIJE SJEDINJENIH AMERIČKIH DRŽAVA PROTIV LICA U REPUBLICI SRPSKOJ I PRAVNI LEKOVI
Apstrakt
Poslednjih godina sve se više raspravlja o izazovima koje sa sobom nose jednostrane sankcije usmerene na očuvanje održivog razvoja, finansijske stabilnosti, te na sektor pružanja usluga i ljudskih prava. Predmet ovog rada tiče se ekonomskih sankcija uvedenih od strane Sjedinjenih Američkih Država (SAD), a koje su usmerene na lica u regionu Zapadnog Balkana, odnosno u Republici Srpskoj. Predmet istraživanja postavljen je na opisan način iz nekoliko razloga, uključujući pre svega tekući Proces stabilizacije i pridruživanja, propraćen efektivnim Sporazumom o stabilizaciji i pridruživanju (SSP) između Evropskih zajednica, njihovih država članica i Bosne i Hercegovine (BiH). Sve je to je nametnulo potrebu da se razmotri relevantno zakonodavstvo EU koje reguliše sankcije, kao i načini da se uoče i preduprede njihove štetne posljedice. Multilateralne sankcije usmerene na lica – poput onih koje je doneo SB UN-a – priznate su prema međunarodnom pravu kao deo okvira kolektivne bezbednosti predviđenog Poveljom UN, dok jednostrane pojedinačne sankcije nemaju isti međunarodni pravni položaj. Bez namere da se ove sankcije direktno ocenjuju u smislu međunarodnog prava ili prava ljudskih prava, autor je nastojao da identifikuje njihove ključne karakteristike. Naime, one su usmerene na najviše zvaničnike, sa zakonodavnim aktivnostima u Narodnoj skupštini kao jednim od osnova za sankcionisanje. One, pritom, utiču na neciljane subjekte, uključujući fizička lica, poslovni i nevladini sektor. Pomenute karakteristike nametnule su pitanje o dostupnim pravnim lekovima. U tom smislu, u radu je posvećena pažnja pravnim lekovima koji stoje na raspolaganju BiH i Republici Srpskoj, sa osvrtom na konkretne pravne lekove dostupne sankcionisanim fizičkim i pravnim licima.
Reference
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