AUTONOMIJA HONG KONGA NA OSNOVU PRINCIPA „JEDNA DRŽAVA, DVA SISTEMA“: PREISPITIVANJE KONCEPTA MEĐUNARODNOPRAVNE OBAVEZE
Apstrakt
Zakon Narodne Republike Kine o nacionalnoj bezbednosti u Specijalnoj administrativnoj regiji Hong Kong, koji je usvojen u junu 2020. godine, izazvao je veliko negodovanje u stručnoj javnosti. Činjenica da je usvajanju ovog zakona prethodilo više neuspelih pokušaja donošenja propisa koji bi regulisali osetljiva pitanja nacionalne bezbednosti u Hong Kongu svakako je doprinela interesovanju koje je novi zakon izazvao. Planirani zakon nije donet uprkos pokušajima za vreme kolonijalne britanske uprave, kao i nakon toga, 2003. godine. Autorke u radu najpre iznose postojeće kritike u pogledu njegove nezakonitosti, koje se upućuju nedavno usvojenom zakonu. Svesne istorijske dimenzije problema, autorke se upuštaju u analizu promene položaja Hong Konga i značaja koji je data promena imala za regulisanje pitanja nacionalne bezbednosti. Nakon ukazivanja na nedovoljnu sistematičnost kritika koje su izložene u naučnim i stručnim krugovima, autorke pristupaju temeljnoj analizi usklađenosti ovog zakona sa izvorima međunarodnog prava koristeći prevashodno dogmatski metod. U zaključnom delu rada autorke ukazuju na uočene nezakonitosti posvećujući posebnu pažnju pitanju da li je postojećim zakonom narušen princip „jedna država, dva sistema“.
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